Suara Kenabian sebagai Kritik Politik dalam Sastra Nubuatan Amos 4:1-3

Maria Evvy Yanti, Erik Kristovel

Abstract


The Book of Amos is part of the Book of the Prophets in the Old Testament canon. The composition of this book has various interpretations, especially in interpreting the prophet's oration that voices prophetic voices in the life situation of the people. Different approaches certainly produce diverse theologies as well. For example, some interpret that prophetic voices are only conveyed in religious and cultic aspects. Some interpret that the prophet was only criticizing the functions and responsibilities of the priest. Some view that the prophet is only functionally responsible for contributing to the permanence of the rulers in the government. This article aims to find the theology of the prophetic voice oration in Amos 4:1-3. The method used is prophetic literature analysis. The result is that the prophetic voice conveyed takes place in the political dimension of Jerusalem in the future. The theology of the prophetic voice in the text includes condemnation in Jerusalem; a crisis in political life in Jerusalem; restoration during the political turmoil in Jerusalem through the establishment of justice and truth for the people; and the rule of the Lord in Jerusalem.


Abstrak
Kitab Amos merupakan bagian dari kitab nabi-nabi dalam kanon Perjanjian Lama. Komposisi dari kitab ini memiliki beragam penafsiran, khususnya dalam menafsirkan orasi nabi yang menyuarakan suara kenabian dalam situasi kehidupan umat. Pendekatan yang berbeda tentu menghasilkan teologi yang beragam pula. Misalnya, ada yang menafsirkan bahwa suara kenabian hanya disampaikan dalam aspek agama dan kultus saja. Ada yang menafsirkan bahwa nabi hanya melakukan kritik terhadap fungsi dan tanggung jawab imam. Ada juga yang memandang bahwa nabi hanya bertanggung jawab secara fungsional saja dalam memberikan kontribusi terhadap kelanggengan para penguasa di pemerintahan. Beragam penafsiran ini yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk menemukan teologi dari orasi suara kenabian dalam Amos 4:1-3. Metode yang digunakan ialah analisis sastra nubuatan. Hasilnya ialah bahwa suara kenabian yang disampaikan terjadi dalam dimensi politik di Yerusalem di masa mendatang, dan teologi mengenai suara kenabian dalam teks meliputi penghukuman di Yerusalem; krisis kehidupan politik yang dialami Yerusalem; pemulihan di tengah krisis politik di Yerusalem melalui penegakan keadilan dan kebenaran bagi umat; pemerintahan TUHAN di Yerusalem. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi sebuah persfektif teologi yang dapat direlevansikan bagi situasi sosial politik umat saat ini.

Keywords


literary analysis of prophecy; prophet; political criticism; the book of Amos; analisis sastra; kritik politik;nubuatan kitab Amos; nabi

Full Text:

PDF

References


A. J Williams. “A Further Suggestion about Amos IV:1-3.†VT 29, 1979.

Achtemeier. Minor Prophets, n.d.

Anderson, James S., Monotheism and Yahweh’s Appropriation of Baal. New York: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2015.

Aud, A. G. ‘Prophet Through the Looking Glass, Between Writings and Moses, JSOT 27, Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press. 1983

Bailey, J. G. “Amos: Preacher of Social Reform.†TBT 19, 1981.

Barth, Christoph, dan Marie-Claire Barth-Frommel, Teologi Perjanjian Lama 1. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2015.

Barton. “Redaction Criticism Old Testament.†ABD 5, 2008.

Ben, Zvi. “Twelve Prophetic Book or The Twelve A Few Preliminary Considerations.†In Forming Prophetice Literature Ed. J.W. Watts and P. R., 1996.

Birch, Bruce C. “The Rise of the Israelite Monarchy: The Growth and Development of I Sam. 7- 15, SBLDissertation Series 27.†Missoula: Scholar Press, 1976.

Blenkinsopp. “A History of Prophecy in Israel.†London: Westminster Jhon Knox Press, 1996.

Blommendaal, J., Pengantar kepada Perjanjian Lama. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2016

Coote, Robert B., dan David Robert Ord. Pada Mulanya: Penciptaan dan Sejarah Keimaman. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2019

Cross. Frank Moore Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic: Essays in the History of the Religion of Israel. Cambridge: Harvard University, 1973.

Dietrich. “The Layer Model of The Deuteronomistic History,†n.d.

Freedman, Andersen and. Amos, n.d.

Gertz, Jan Christian, dkk., Purwa Pustaka: Eksplorasi ke dalam Kitab-kitab Perjanjian Lama dan Deuterokanonika. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2017

G. M. Tucker. “Prophetic Speech.†INT 32, 1978.

Gitay, Yehoshua. “A Study of Amos’ Art of Speech: A Rhetorical Analysis of Amos 3:1-15.†CBQ 42, 1980.

Grant Osborne. “Spiral Hermeneutika: Pengantar Komprehensif Bagi Penafsiran Alkitab.†Surabaya: Momentum, 2018.

Hans Barstad. “The Understanding of the Prophets in Deuteronomy.†JSOT 8, 1994.

Hans Walter Wolff, Joel and Amos (trans.) W. Janzen, S. D. McBride, Jr. and Charles A. Muenchowed S. D. McBride, Jr. Hermeneia. “Philadelphia.†Fortress Press, 2nd, 1977.

Houston. Justice, n.d.

J. Gordon McConville. “How Can Jacob Stand? He Is so Small†(Amos 7:2) The Prophetic Word and the Reimaging of Israel’s Prophets and Israel’s Past, Essay on the Relationship of Prophetic Texts and Israelite History in Honor of Jhon H. Hayes OTS Ed Brad F. Kille.†London: T&T Clark, 2006.

Jacobs, P. F. Cow of Bashan A Note on the Interpretation of Amos 4:1. JBL 104, 1985.

Kensler R. The Social History of Ancient History: An Introduction, terj: L. M. Maloney : Minneapolis, Fortress, 2008.

Kleven, Terence. “The Cow Of Bashan: A Single Metaphor at Amos 4:1-3.†In CBQ 58, 215, 1996.

Lester L. Grabbe, A History of the Jews and Judaisme in the Second Temple Vol.1. NewYork: T&T Clark International, 2004.

Mawene, Marthinus Theodorus. Perjanjian Lama dan Teologi Kontekstual. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2017.

Mayes. “Story of Israel,†n.d.

Mays. Amos, n.d.

Mays, J. L. “Amos: A Commentary.†Philadelphia: Westminster, 1969.

Moller. Prophet in Debate, n.d.

Mowinckel, S. “Prophecy and Tradition: The Prophetic Books in the Light of the Study at the Growth and History of the Tradition.†Oslo: Dybward, 1946.

Noble. Amos’ Absolut ‘No,’ n.d.

Noth. The Deuteronomistic History, n.d.

Paul, S.M. “Amos 1:3-2:3 A Concatenous Literary Pattern.†JBL 90, 1971, 397.

Romer. Thomas. R. The So-Called Deuteronomistic History. New York: T&T Clark, 2007.

Santoso, Agus. Satu Iota Tak Akan Ditiadakan: Pengantar ke dalam Perjanjian Lama. Cipanas: STT Cipanas Press, 2014.

Tchavdar, S Hadjiev. “The Composition and Redaction of the Book of Amos.†New York : Walterde Gruyter, 2009.

Thiel. “Amos 2:6-8,†391, n.d.

Vermeylen. The Book of Samuel Within The Deuteronomistic History, n.d.

Wahono, Sri Wismoady. Di sini Kutemukan. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2015.

Weinfeld, Moshe. Deuteronomy, n.d.

Wolff. Kerygma, n.d.

Yanti, Maria Evvy. “Teologi Deutronomistis Amos 4:1-3 Bagi Kehidupan Sosial Umat.†Jurnal Teologi Cultivation 2 (2018).

Yanti, Maria Evvy. “Integritas Dalam Peribadatan Menurut Amos 4:4-5.†Jurnal Immanuel 2, no. 1 (2020).

———. “Menyuarakan Keadilan Allah Dalam Narasi Hari Tuhan: Studi Struktur Orasi Amos 4:7-20.†Jurnal Efata 2 no.2 (2024): 20–26.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.47543/efata.v11i1.200

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Efata telah terdaftar pada situs:

    

View Efata Stats

Online ISSN: 2722-8215

Printed ISSN: 2477-1333

Copyright © Jurnal Efata 2020-2023. All Rights Reserved.